{"id":118,"date":"2023-06-28T23:18:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-28T23:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/?p=118"},"modified":"2024-08-23T21:50:20","modified_gmt":"2024-08-23T21:50:20","slug":"about-air-pollutants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/resources\/about-air-pollutants\/","title":{"rendered":"Sobre poluci\u00f3n del aire"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Desglosando la contaminaci\u00f3n del aire<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>La contaminaci\u00f3n del aire se puede categorizar seg\u00fan la fuente o la composici\u00f3n de los contaminantes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Materia Particulada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Particulate matter is commonly abbreviated as \u201cPM,\u201d and it is a mix of tiny particles and droplets that are hard to see. PM is at times <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/visibility\" target=\"_self\">visible in the form of haze<\/a>, or cloud-like smoke, dust, or other small particles in the air. These particles come from lots of places, most commonly from cars, fires, <a href=\"https:\/\/anthropoceneinstitute.com\/science\/air\/\" target=\"_self\">power plants<\/a>, and other industries. PM is also particularly damaging to our environment as it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pm-pollution\/health-and-environmental-effects-particulate-matter-pm\" target=\"_self\">contributes to acid rain<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">\u201cPM\u201d is usually followed by a number in subscript: PM<sub>10<\/sub> or PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>. This number is how big the particulate matter is in diameter. PM<sub>10<\/sub> is 10 microns in diameter, and PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> is 2.5 microns in diameter. For reference, a human hair is 70 microns in diameter. So, PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>&nbsp; is 30 times smaller than a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pm-pollution\/particulate-matter-pm-basics#PM\" target=\"_self\">single human hair<\/a>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"592\" height=\"429\" data-id=\"316\" src=\"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Screenshot-2024-08-23-at-2.48.55\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"Materia Particulada\" class=\"wp-image-316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Screenshot-2024-08-23-at-2.48.55\u202fPM.png 592w, https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Screenshot-2024-08-23-at-2.48.55\u202fPM-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Screenshot-2024-08-23-at-2.48.55\u202fPM-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 592px) 100vw, 592px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<style>@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {.gb-69f0d4e00ed60{font-size: 20px!important;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"gb-69f0d4e00ed60 wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Efectos en la salud<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La materia particulada (PM) se absorbe f\u00e1cilmente en el cuerpo a trav\u00e9s de la inhalaci\u00f3n y la ingesti\u00f3n. Las comunidades que viven en entornos con altos niveles de PM se ven afectadas por enfermedades respiratorias a tasas m\u00e1s altas. Ten en cuenta los siguientes s\u00edntomas y problemas de salud:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Muerte prematura en personas con enfermedades card\u00edacas o pulmonares<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ataques card\u00edacos no fatales<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ritmo card\u00edaco irregular<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Asma agravada<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Disminuci\u00f3n de la funci\u00f3n pulmonar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Irritaci\u00f3n de las v\u00edas respiratorias&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tos&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dificultad para respirar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">High levels of PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> aggravate during wildfires. Wearing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lung.org\/blog\/poor-air-quality-protection\" target=\"_self\">N95 or KN95 mask<\/a> outdoors and filtering your indoor air can help protect your respiratory health and that of your loved ones.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {.gb-69f0d4e011669{font-size: 20px!important;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"gb-69f0d4e011669 wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Recursos<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Check out your area\u2019s PM levels by visiting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airnow.gov\/\" target=\"_self\">airnow.gov<\/a>, and learn if local schools and community centers have a flag program to alert you of the day\u2019s air quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ozono<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>El ozono se crea cuando diferentes tipos de emisiones de gases reaccionan con otros productos qu\u00edmicos en el aire. La reacci\u00f3n qu\u00edmica se ve exacerbada por la luz solar, lo que significa que nuestro aire es m\u00e1s susceptible al ozono en los meses c\u00e1lidos de verano. A menudo vemos el ozono en forma de smog, o ozono a nivel del suelo. Las grandes ciudades suelen ser mencionadas por su smog debido a los altos niveles de emisiones de gases liberados por veh\u00edculos, f\u00e1bricas y otras actividades industriales.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"621\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-23-at-2.49.32\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"Ozono\" class=\"wp-image-317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-23-at-2.49.32\u202fPM.png 621w, https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-23-at-2.49.32\u202fPM-300x223.png 300w, https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-23-at-2.49.32\u202fPM-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Efectos en la salud<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>El ozono a nivel del suelo puede tener un impacto negativo en la salud de las personas. Especialmente las personas, como los ni\u00f1os y los adultos mayores, con asma u otros problemas respiratorios, necesitan recursos adicionales y precauciones cuando la contaminaci\u00f3n por ozono es alta. Estas medidas de precauci\u00f3n incluyen el uso de mascarillas N95 o KN95, filtros de aire personales o la limitaci\u00f3n de la actividad industrial. La sobreexposici\u00f3n al ozono puede causar los siguientes s\u00edntomas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dolor de garganta irritada o con picaz\u00f3n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dolor al respirar profundamente<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Desencadenar ataques de asma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Infecci\u00f3n en los pulmones<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Incluso a niveles bajos, el ozono puede causar problemas respiratorios y es una de las muchas causas del desarrollo del asma.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {.gb-69f0d4e0139a8{font-size: 20px!important;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"gb-69f0d4e0139a8 wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Recursos<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">You can check the ozone levels in your community as easily as checking the weather forecast. Take a look at the air quality forecast by visiting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airnow.gov\/\" target=\"_self\">www.airnow.gov<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cuando la calidad del aire local es motivo de preocupaci\u00f3n, EnviroFlash, un servicio gratuito, puede alertarte por correo electr\u00f3nico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">You can sign up on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.enviroflash.info\/\" target=\"_self\">www.enviroflash.info<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d3xidos de Nitr\u00f3geno<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Nitrogen oxides (NOx) get released into the air from the burning of fuels, specifically through electric power, transportation, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/4315232\" target=\"_self\">industrial combustion processes<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El \u00f3xido de nitr\u00f3geno (NO) y el di\u00f3xido de nitr\u00f3geno (NO2) son indicadores comunes de los \u00f3xidos de nitr\u00f3geno en nuestro aire. Cuando el ox\u00edgeno atmosf\u00e9rico interact\u00faa con el nitr\u00f3geno a altas temperaturas de llama, se forman \u00f3xidos de nitr\u00f3geno. El NO2 y otros tipos de NO tambi\u00e9n pueden contribuir a la formaci\u00f3n de materia particulada y ozono en el aire.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {.gb-69f0d4e015b45{font-size: 20px!important;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"gb-69f0d4e015b45 wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Efectos en la salud<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">High concentrations of NOx in the air can result in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/no2-pollution\/basic-information-about-no2#WhatisNO2\" target=\"_self\">respiratory health issues<\/a>. When inhaled, NOx can irritate respiratory pathways in the body and can lead to the following health symptoms and chronic illnesses:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dificultad para respirar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sibilancias<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Asma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Otras infecciones respiratorias<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mon\u00f3xido de Carbono<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/co-pollution\/basic-information-about-carbon-monoxide-co-outdoor-air-pollution\" target=\"_self\">Carbon monoxide<\/a> (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas that is created from the incomplete burning of natural gas or products containing carbon. It is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/co\/pdfs\/Flyer_Danger.pdf\" target=\"_self\">harmful to both our health<\/a> and the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">This pollutant is a result of <a href=\"https:\/\/portal.ct.gov\/DEEP\/Air\/Carbon-Monoxide\" target=\"_self\">burning fuel in appliances<\/a> including stoves, lanterns, grills, fireplaces, gas ranges, and furnaces. Carbon monoxide pollutes our outdoor air as well. It is produced by cars, trucks, and other machinery or equipment that burns fossil fuels.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {.gb-69f0d4e017a92{font-size: 20px!important;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"gb-69f0d4e017a92 wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Riesgos para la salud<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La inhalaci\u00f3n de niveles elevados de mon\u00f3xido de carbono en espacios interiores puede causar enfermedades repentinas o la muerte.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">High levels of carbon monoxide are likely to occur in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/indoor-air-quality-iaq\/carbon-monoxides-impact-indoor-air-quality\" target=\"_self\">closed spaces<\/a> and are harmful to both people and animals. How much is breathed in matters. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/co\/faqs.htm\" target=\"_self\">Signs to look out for<\/a> are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dolor en el pecho<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dolores de cabeza<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00e1useas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mareos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confusi\u00f3n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u00e9rdida del conocimiento<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fatal en niveles altos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>El mon\u00f3xido de carbono impide que \u00f3rganos como el coraz\u00f3n y el cerebro reciban la cantidad de ox\u00edgeno que necesitan.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {.gb-69f0d4e019912{font-size: 20px!important;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"gb-69f0d4e019912 wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 puedes hacer?<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u00e9 consciente del envenenamiento por mon\u00f3xido de carbono. Causa cientos de muertes cada a\u00f1o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Revisa tus detectores de mon\u00f3xido de carbono para asegurarte de que funcionen correctamente.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Haz que tu horno sea inspeccionado cada a\u00f1o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nunca uses generadores dentro de la casa o en un garaje (incluso si las puertas y ventanas est\u00e1n abiertas).<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa PM, ozono, y m\u00e1s?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-resources"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/DustIcon2-600x400.png","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/DustIcon2-600x600.png","author_info":{"display_name":"airguardian","author_link":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/author\/airguardian\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/airguardian.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}